neodymium

• Description
• General information
• Physical data
• Radii
• Electronegativities
• Solid state structure
• Temperatures
• Enthalpies
• Ionization Enthalpies
• Isotopes
• Further information

Description

Neodymium is present in misch metal to the extent of about 18%.

The metal has a bright silvery metallic lustre. Neodymium is one of the more reactive rare-earth metals and quickly tarnishes in air, forming an oxide that spalls off and exposes the metal to further oxidation. It is one of the rare earth metals.

General information

Discoveror: Carl F. Auer von Welsbach
Date discovered: 1885
Discovered at: Austria
Meaning of name: From the Greek words "neos didymos" meaning "new twin"

Physical data

Standard state: solid at 298 K
Colour: silvery white, yellowish tinge
Density of solid at ambient temperature/kg m^-3: 6800
Molar volume/cm³: 20.59

Radii /pm

Atomic: 206
Covalent (single bond):
Pauling radius for the ion [Nd]^-: no data

Valence shell orbital radius maxima (R_max)

orbital	s	p	d	f
radius	221.8	no data	no data	34.6

Electronegativities

Both values are quoted on the Pauling scale.

Pauling: 1.14
Allred Rochow: 1.07

Crystal Structure

structure: hcp (hexagonal close-packed)

The following CrystalMaker image represents the solid state structure. For most elements, the most stable allotrope is illustrated. Try WebElements version 2 for interactive virtual reality and CHIME images.

Temperatures (/K)

melting point: 1297
boiling point: 3373

Enthalpies /kJ mol^-1

fusion: 7.14
vaporization: 285

single bond enthalpies:

Nd-F	Nd-Cl	Nd-Br	Nd-I	Nd-Nd
no data	no data	no data	323.8	163

Ionization enthalpies /kJ mol^-1

Number	Enthalpy
1st	530
2nd	1034
3rd	2130
4th	3900
5th	5790

Isotopes

This section gives some data for naturally occurring isotopes.

Nominal mass	Accurate mass	% natural abundance
142Nd	141.907719 (4)	27.13 (12)
143Nd	142.909810 (4)	12.18 (6)
144Nd	143.910083 (4)	23.80 (12)
145Nd	144.912570 (4)	8.30 (6)
146Nd	145.913113 (4)	17.19 (9)
148Nd	147.916889 (4)	5.76 (3)
150Nd	149.920887 (4)	5.64 (3)

Further Information

• Additional information about WebElements 1.2.2
• This is a licensed copy (here is the full list) of WebElements 1.2.2 and contains a subset of the material contained within the main version of WebElements (version 2)
• For further information please try WebElements version 2
• Sheffield Chemdex: perhaps the largest internet chemistry directory
• Sheffield Chemputer: interactive chemistry calculators on the WWW