neon

• Description
• General information
• Physical data
• Radii
• Electronegativities
• Solid state structure
• Temperatures
• Enthalpies
• Ionization Enthalpies
• Isotopes
• Further information

Description

It is a very inert element. Neon forms an unstable hydrate. In a vacuum discharge tube, neon glows reddish orange. Of all the rare gases, the discharge of neon is the most intense at ordinary voltages and currents. It is present in the atmosphere as 1 part in 65000. Liquid neon has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity than liquid helium, and more than 3 times that of liquid hydrogen.

General information

Discoveror: Sir William Ramsay, Morris W.Travers
Date discovered: 1898
Discovered at: London, England
Meaning of name: From the Greek word "neon" meaning "new"

Physical data

Standard state: gas at 298 K
Colour: colourless
Density of solid at ambient temperature/kg m^-3: no data
Molar volume/cm³: 13.23

Radii /pm

Atomic: 38
Covalent (single bond):
Pauling radius for the ion [Ne]^-: no data

Valence shell orbital radius maxima (R_max)

orbital	s	p	d	f
radius	36.1	33.6	no data	no data

Electronegativities

Both values are quoted on the Pauling scale.

Pauling: no data
Allred Rochow: 4.84

Crystal Structure

structure: ccp (cubic close-packed)

The following CrystalMaker image represents the solid state structure. For most elements, the most stable allotrope is illustrated. Try WebElements version 2 for interactive virtual reality and CHIME images.

Temperatures (/K)

melting point: 24.56
boiling point: 27.07

Enthalpies /kJ mol^-1

fusion: 0.34
vaporization: 1.74

single bond enthalpies:

Ne-F	Ne-Cl	Ne-Br	Ne-I	Ne-Ne
no data	no data	no data	no data	3.93

Ionization enthalpies /kJ mol^-1

Number	Enthalpy
1st	2080.7
2nd	3952.3
3rd	6122
4th	9370
5th	12178
6th	15238
7th	19999
8th	23069

Isotopes

This section gives some data for naturally occurring isotopes.

Nominal mass	Accurate mass	% natural abundance
20Ne	19.9924356 (22)	90.48 (3)
21Ne	20.9938428 (21)	0.27 (1)
22Ne	21.9913831 (18)	9.25 (3)

Further Information

• Additional information about WebElements 1.2.2
• This is a licensed copy (here is the full list) of WebElements 1.2.2 and contains a subset of the material contained within the main version of WebElements (version 2)
• For further information please try WebElements version 2
• Sheffield Chemdex: perhaps the largest internet chemistry directory
• Sheffield Chemputer: interactive chemistry calculators on the WWW